Purest water is utilized in both the Pharmaceutical industry as well as the semiconductor / microelectronic industry.

Both industry sectors share some similarities in terms of water quality requirements utilized for the manufacturing of the related products.

However, one of the two exceeds by far the other when it comes to required purity of the utilized water. Which one may this be?

- Does human resilience, with focus on patient safety, require higher purity in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products than the wafer manufacturing for our AI systems?
- What makes the difference in quality, water treatment steps, design, material specifications and monitoring.
- Where can one learn from the other?

Let us explore all of this together. "